How to generate Random number in JavaScript using Math.random()

javascript

← PrevNext →

Tools you can use

You can use the Math.random() method in JavaScript to generate random number in a given range. Let’s see some examples.

Syntax

First, the systax.

Math.random()

The random() method is one of the many methods of "Math" object. The function returns a floating-point ranging from 0 to less than 1.

Here’s an example.

<script>
    let rndValue = Math.random();
    document.write (rndValue);
</script>
Try it

The method returns a random number in decimal values or floating number.

You can round off the random floating number using another "Math" method called round().

let rndValue = Math.round(Math.random());
document.write (rndValue);

Random numbers between 0 and 50

Now, lets see how we can generate a random number in a given range between 0 and 50.

<body>
    <input type='button' id='bt' value='Generate Number' onclick='generate_random()' />
    <p id='result'></p>
</body>

<script>
    let generate_random = () => {
        // generate random number between 0 and 50.
        let rndValue;
        rndValue = Math.floor((Math.random() * 50));
    
        let p = document.getElementById('result');
        p.innerHTML = rndValue;
    }
</script>
Try it

👉 You may also like this. Use Math.sign() method to check if a given number is negative or positive
JavaScript Math.sign() method example

Generate Random numbers between 1 and 10

In the above example, the random() method returned numbers 0 and 50. You can ignore the Zero (0) and a generate number between 1 and a maximum number, like 1 to 10.

<body>
    <input type='button' id='bt' value='Generate Number' onclick='generate_random()' />
    <p id='result'></p>
</body>

<script>
    let generate_random = () => {
        // generate random number between 1 and 10.

        let rndValue;
        rndValue = Math.floor((Math.random() * 10) + 1);
    
        let p = document.getElementById('result');
        p.innerHTML = rndValue;
    }
</script>
Try it

Fun with Math.random() Method

Let’s have some fun with the random numbers that we’ll generate. I’ll use the random number to get the ASCII code of a character (or alphabet) in a given string (any string).

<body>
    <input type='button' id='bt' value='Click it' onclick='generate_random()' />
    <p id='result'></p>
</body>

<script>
    let generate_random = () => {
        let rndValue;
        rndValue = Math.floor((Math.random() * 10));
    
        let p = document.getElementById('result');
        p.innerHTML = 'Arun Banik'.charCodeAt(rndValue) + ' ' + 'Arun Banik'.charAt(rndValue);
    }
</script>
</html>
Try it

The method Math.random() works with all modern browsers including Internet Explorer.

← PreviousNext →